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"The China Story--Recollections of a Little Girl's Life in Amoy, China" (1851-1859)  Part 4
by Mary Augusta Doty Smith, Daughter of Elihu Doty, RCA Missionary to China, 1844-1864

Part 1     Part 2      Part 3      Part 4      Part 5      Part 6
   Elihu Doty Page     Amoy Mission
Ms. Jean Watson, Secretary, New Jersey Postal History Society, and author of "Doty's Garden", providing this copy of Mary Augusta Doty Smith's (1851-1937) fascinating 80-page account of her first eight years of life on Amoy.  (She is nicknamed "Pussie" in the story).
Mr. Elwood, Geiger,of South Dakota, a descendant of Elihu Doty, kindly provided the Doty photos, and permission to use Mary Doty's story.  Mary J. Geiger was given a carbon copy, with handwritten corrections and additions, and retyped it in Spring, 1972.

Obtain more Doty infofrom Reformed Church of America (RCA) archives at www.rca.org

Continued from Part 3

[Fun on Gulangyu] We were taken almost daily for rambles on Kolongsu Island, or for a race on the hard sand of a strip of beach on the same side of the water that our house was facing. Our drawers were tucked up and we waded in the wavelets, or dug wells, just as children do today; only we did not don suits to go in the water much deeper than we did! That was unheard of in 'our day, for children or adults.Eleanor Augusta Smith Doty and Elihu Doty Married February 17 1847 RCA mission to Amoy China

We owned a rowboat, and hired a Chinese boatman to care for it, and bring it to the wharf running along the side of our house, daily, or when desired. He did not pull the oars as we do in rowing, but stood up and pushed them, so he could face the bow; and it took a good deal of persuasion to get him to be willing to care for us and the boat, without eyes being painted on the bow, on either side, as is the custom with all their junks or boats. "No eyes; no see," they argued.

We almost always used the boat in going anywhere possible, out of the city, and rarely walked in the streets. There were so many unsanitary conditions to come up against, and rough, ugly-acting people who stared at us and called us names. There were, as well, reversely, many courteous ones, or at least quiet and civil to us.

Mother generally sat on a rock when at the beach, caring for Sammy or baby Marcia, in the younger days, while father romped with us, or played tag, or hide-and-seek, among the rocks. We grew quite frightened after a startling experience which came to some men, making us afraid to look behind rocks to find father, until he succeeded in assuring us there was no danger, and nothing would hurt us.

After a heavy storm, two Chinamen in a boat saw what they thought was a dog swimming along and rowed toward it to save it aboard; but when it put claws on the edge and managed to scramble in, they saw it was a Bengal tiger, exhausted by its long drift from India, and so, harmless for the time. The men rowed to shore as soon as possible, but the tiger was as eager to escape to land, as they were to have it, and sprang to the shore and rushed to an old building not far in.
The men took courage, and had common sense enough to shut the door and brace it; then ran for help to a foreigner who had a gun. He climbed to the roof, and from there shot the animal, or there might have been terrible experiences, with a wild beast, famished and frightened, roaming loose in the thickly inhabited country about it!

There are numerous pictures in mind about rambles on Kolongsu Island, lying opposite the city on the mainland, about a mile's row across the water.
Father often ran with us, and frolicked in many ways. What a time Charley and I had learning the skip step, such as American children often took on the way to school, as we were told¡ªand what they did, we wanted to do too, as an ideal always before us! We picked wild strawberries and raspberries that grew on hillsides, and other little fruits indigenous to the land, the taste and appearance of some of which is still clear.

I had to overcome one great terror. A gentle family buffalo was tethered near the path we often took to get beyond to other points, but those fierce looking spreading horns were too much for the foolishly timid child that I was. I begged always not to be taken past it, and clung with terror to both mother's and father's hands as I walked between them, screaming very unbecomingly! They tried every way they could to bring me out of my terror: by firmness and comforting and reasoning, and even leading, or probably, more likely dragging me near to the cow, while the Chinese children of the family who owned it, petted it, playing about it, and even were put on its back. My senses came to me at last through some combined influence and I grew brave enough to walk calmly between my parents, without an outcry, while Charley and Sam, and later Marcia frolicked around the gentle creature fearlessly!

We made calls on the American Consul, with Headquarters on the Island, Mr. Hyatt, with pleasant conversation and information about our Country's affairs among the grown-ups, which did not appeal to the children. We played with their son¡ªan "American" boy about Charley's age¡ªof whom we stood somewhat in awe, being of the order of our highest ideals; but if truth be told, should have been somewhat disillusioning, if we had not been so blind in our adoration of the species!

We also, on occasions, called on the Dutch Consul. I do not think there was the same cordiality between this Consulate, and the British and American ones, with father. Perhaps both remembered injustices perpetrated in the old Borneo days, which were embarrassments. However, once we had a wonderful time there, when the Consul ordered water and soap prepared for bubbles to be brought, and VTB were introduced to blowing bubbles "all colors of the rainbow"¡¯ while father and mother conversed in broken English with chatting and laughing, and then "tiffin" came in for all of us.

The British Consul had his headquarters on a high part of the city of Amoy, and calls there took us in another direction.

[Consul Doty] Father acted as American Consul one year while Mr. Hyatt returned to his homeland for a vacation. We had a flag flying over our house, to be raised at sunrise everyday, and hauled down at sunset. Strangers of many lands came and went, and there were many conversations; but we were too young to appreciate any details of that period, other than these little touches, though there are many copies of letters which passed between father and others on official business, among his folios.

Some English friends invited us to the launching of a boat from Kolongsu, which was quite an event, as afterwards we went into a lovely garden full of flowers and winding hedges and paths, made by these English people, to look like a bit of Old England. Then we were entertained with plum cake¡ªplus¡ªno doubt, but very appealing to the children and so remembered!

The boat looked large and high as it slid down the ways and bounced up and down in the water, after the first roar and splash¡ªall bedecked with flags on bow and stern and from the sides! I do not recall a christening.

[Gulangyu Cemetery]   We often turned our steps toward the sacred Spot where the missionaries were buried. We always walked softly and quietly there, not jumping from one flat stone to another as we might on other occasions, while father and mother would linger by two little graves, and that of the mother, next to one of them; for all in this spot were dear ones, with a common bond of fellowship, who ¡°held not their lives dear unto themselves.¡±

The officers of an American "Man of War", which was lying in the harbor, wanted a picnic on the other side of the Island near a Buddhist Temple. So mother and the other mission ladies and our Scotch and English friends joined in preparations. Boats from the Navy ships were used to row us over to the new spot, very picturesque, as I call it to mind, with garden and hills and rocks and dales and water.

Just the same preparations were made as always on other picnics we knew about, with a tablecloth spread on the grass, and good things to eat placed there in baskets and plates, and plenty of merry conversations and songs interspersed between informal offerings of food.

There were Navy officers with their brass buttons on caps and coats, and gold lace, and the rest of the men in pith helmets and white linen suits, and the ladies in pretty muslins. A dim picture comes before me, that the ladies wore bonnets tied down under their chins as properly as if they were going to church, so dignified were the customs of those days. However, let us hope not, but rather, that the breeze blew through their hair, disheveling it somewhat and making them far more comfortable under the tropical skies!

[Buttons & the Temple] Some of the party visited the Temple on a high prominence, with many steps to climb to reach it. We children held father¡¯s and mother¡¯s hands tightly, a little fearsome of priests of another faith, and a big idol with fierce countenance which faced us. We entered the Temple, when a priest stopped us, saying an offering to their god was expected. Money was offered, but he said that would not suffice; their god wanted some of those bright buttons! The officers demurred and argued, and probably were rather arrogant and insistent in refusing. They started to walk past the priest, but were as insistently held back for the buttons. Finally, not very graciously I guess, one of the officers whipped out his knife and cut off one or two and handed them to the company of priests who had gathered by this time. They blandly and suavely received them and allowed us to pass.

Probably I never would have entered a Buddist Temple but for this episode. I do not seem to remember any impression of the interior, or what occurred there, other than to look upon the great idol, with forbidding face.

There is another episode of my life in Amoy connected with Chinese interiors, which I am glad I had, though at the cost of being a naughty child!
We were always forbidden to go out on the street alone. Once or twice a little Chinese girl who lived on the opposite side of the street from us, called to me to come over and play with her. I remember her face was all covered with white spots¡ªsmall pox¡ªand in their unsanitary life, no care was ever taken to protect anyone from it!

I had wandered into the nurses' quarters, and was very positively prevented from going over, at this time by old Boa. But again I was coaxed from across the street, and no one saw me as, alas! I slipped down stairs and out on the street and across. I was taken upstairs, where the room was dark and smoky and smelly, and full of men and women who were curious to examine my clothes and everything about me. There was a fierce idol, too, looking at me, and I was beginning to be afraid, when someone came for me¡ªI think the nurse, who had missed me for a few moments. I recall the terror everyone seemed to feel, that I had been so exposed to contagion; and there were known to be kidnappings, sometimes, when I might have been switched off to some underground place, and no one knows what else might have come to me.

But I was brought home with no consciousness of any further protest from the Chinese people than angry words that I had been taken away from them. I had been watched over by guardian angels, and no harm had come to me. My parents must have dealt with me in a way that impressed it upon me what a dreadful thing I had done, but, strangely, I have nothing defined in mind but a sense of awesomeness over me, and never again even looked across the way to the little girl. So, since it ended mercifully for me, and all was well, I can look back to a vision of gloom and forlornness as the ordinary home of coolie people, which should stir a heart of pity for the wretchedness of many lives in that land, for whose uplift and release from evil conditions, father and mother had devoted their lives, in His Name.

[Sampans in the Rain]   The numberless rowboats which we saw from our windows were, many of them, homes of coolie families,¡ªliving in one end, having a low bamboo cabin or tent over it, which sheltered it from sun and beating rain; while, on a little brazier in the open front, their rice was cooked¡ªtheir only food, and not much of it either.

We could see this housekeeping going on from our upstairs windows, and 0! it did look so good. I just longed to get under that bamboo covering and have rain patter down all about me, while I sat, dry, within, and watched it! This was a recurring longing; and even to this day I find myself recalling the little bamboo protection from rain, and thrilling as I sit under shelter and watch it patter or downpour about me.

The typhoons which came in season, were very disastrous to those poor little boats, with their teeming families cooped up in them. The beaches were then strewn with wrecks and lives lost. These typhoons brought our only cold days, and occasionally. Then the event of having an open fire caused excitement among us, and we all made the most of hovering over the coals in the open grate, watching the blue and gold flames as they crackled¡ªa bit of "auld lang syne" to father and mother this was, too.

[Ships of Many Nations]   Occasionally, Charley and I accompanied our parents when they were calling on the Captains of British and American ships, and on their wives, who sometimes came with them, or on those of other nationalities; and were invited down into their staterooms¡ªlarge and handsome, or small and grimy, according to the class of vessel, or the nation they belonged to. "Britannia ruled the waves" even then too, and everything on their ships was in fine order, and on ours too, though they were few and far between compared to the British ones. An East Indiaman, or Dutch or Siamese or Persian craft would be unkempt.
We were always offered wine and plum cake. One time a French vessel, I think, offered us a much decorated cake which took a child's eye¡ªlittle figures of people and animals, gaily colored, covered the top. We could not understand their language, nor they ours, and we had a funny time. The British "Men of War" came oftenest to our harbor, and sometimes returned after various trips up and down the coast, so our parents grew to know their commanders. There were warm and cordial greetings and social times among them, also with our own men, oftener than among other nationalities.

Among souvenirs which mother evidently enjoyed keeping, is a package of calling curds from Captains or officers with titles, and "H.M.S." or "U.S.A," in the corners; and cards, from consuls of different nations, and other dignitaries also, interesting to look over, after all these years.

One occasion or two stand out in my memory. The officers took pleasure in entertaining us children, and showed us over parts of the ship and brought out monkeys and parrots and other treasures. They asked if we would like to fish down the hold with hook and line, and said we would surely catch something, which filled us with great excitement. We were told to toll out the line given us as far down as we could, and if we felt a bite, pull up quickly; and sure enough, we caught something¡ªnot a fish, though, but a bag of lump sugar or some nuts or cookies! It was all very delightful and mysterious to us, and lasted until we had to be called off to leave the ship.

Another time, the Captain called on the gunners to load up one of their heavy cannon, and give us a salute. Great cannon balls were in our sight, piled up in pyramids on the deck, and ramrods were used¡ªall belonging to a past age, in this form¡ªwhen what did poor little terrified "Pussie" do, but sob and cry, and plead with the Captain not to fire. He humored me with a good natured laugh, and called off his men! I must have been quite a spoiled child, as well as a pet, with my "gentlemen friends", from the attentions shown to me.

One day Charley and I were invited to lunch on a vessel. I do not remember any detail as to who asked us, or why, or if alone or with our parents, but an instance has persisted all these years. Charley¡ªtwo years older than I¡ªwas quite shocked because no "blessing" was asked at the table, and expressed it, asking why not, to the embarrassment of the Captain, who parried by asking if he could say it and he repeated the "Lord's Prayer"!

A picture of mother preparing to go out on these calls, or other occasions, comes to mind, I, standing by the side of her bureau and looking up at her "tying her bonnet under her chin¡±¡ªa white one sent in one of the boxes from home, indistinctly, I can see, decorated with pink ribbons, or it may have been flowers; O! so pretty, I thought¡ªand then throwing a Cashmere shawl over her shoulders, laying the folds ''just so" over a black satin dress; then kissing me goodbye, the times I did not go too. Sometimes she wore a grey silk, or a grey striped gown, which did not appeal to a five or six years old child, who only had eyes for something gay like the shawl or hat!

[Parsees]  Parsees from way off India way, came occasionally to call, while on their commercial trips to China and Amoy, and once, one brought mother a beautiful silver and blue satin dress material; and again a gauze one, wide striped, of gold and blue colors, which looked as if it might grace a Hindoo lady of high degree, if in its native setting.

I received, also, a large sample book of India prints of different colors on the well-known red background, each sample about one quarter yard square, which were rescued from my ever-ready scissors and needle by mother, in her day, and by my grandmother and Aunt Mary, after the sample book had found its way to America¡ªmany thanks in retrospect¡ªthough not so graciously considered at the time! And in consequence, I have a gorgeous quilt of never fading Indian red prints combined with white, as a lasting memento of that occasion.

[Chinese Visitors] Father and mother received many calls from Chinese men, and also, by themselves, from the women. Gentlemen of rank, with their peacock feather in hat and embroidered gowns of silk and satin, down through the lower ranks to the humble peasant, came with courtesies, according to their positions. They were all filled with interest and curiosity over our strange customs and appearance and furnishings, and marveled at the piano, and playing on it and singing, and were served with American cakes and tea from their own kind of porcelain cups.

Father enjoyed a practical joke, and during one of these calls from people he had met before, he prepared some electrical wiring in a bowl of water with a piece of silver coin in the bottom. He offered to give the coin to anyone who could pick it out, but lo! The electric shock caught him. Then he wanted one of his friends to catch it, with the same result, of course. They all wished to try for it, however, and it caused astonishment among them. Then and there father gave them the first elemental lesson on the existence, use and power of electricity, very simply known about and used, at best, in that early day!

A missionary has to be a "Jack of all trades¡±, and father took with him a set of dentistry instruments, and used to give help and relief as best he could to many of the foreigners, who considered it "better than nothing", anyway! These instruments were a source of great interest to skilled Chinamen, of whom of course, we know there were many, as they handled them carefully. His chest of fine tools also, they admired and praised.

The women never accompanied the men, but were as eager to visit mother. Some were acquaintances, and even friends; others, entire strangers, as it was with the men. Their curiosity took more feminine forms, and more equal to their supposed capacity of minds. Mother played and sang for them; that was always asked for, by those who knew about it, and they appreciated this, anyway.

She showed them her dresses, made so differently from theirs, however! Once, a woman asked if she could see, and took up her left forefinger to see if there were needle pricks over it. She was quite delighted to find them¡ªa bond between themselves, with their superior culture, and the wonderful embroidery which they could do¡ªa bond with this foreign woman, whom they rather liked. But the feet were hardly to be accepted. Hers were so big, and unbound¡ªjust like coolie feet, or those of the immoral woman! No lady would ever wear such, and theirs were tiny and bound, with shoes exquisitely embroidered in beautiful colors on silk or velvet, while hers were just made of black leather. Still, personality won, and she was received as one to be associated with as an equal; or, if the Chinese lady felt otherwise, she stayed away from visiting her. They had their cup of tea also, in the dainty cups of their own kind, which could not be improved upon from factories in France! American cake, fruit or pound cake, or simple jumbles were offered and they chatted away for some time with pleasure. Generally we children could not sit still long enough to absorb ideas of what was said, so nothing is retained of their conversation.

[Writing Letters Home]  About once a month, father would bring home from his morning's work, to mother, word that a ship carrying American mail would sail in a few days, or even less. Then intensive writing was the main occupation of both of them, to gather together what had been written through the month, with present additions; letters "home" always, and to many friends and relatives, or official reports to the "Board of Foreign Missions", or other public matters. Then we children were quite neglected, and banished to the care of the two nurses. If we ventured to steal into the room where mother sat at her Chinese lacquered desk, with pen rapidly scratching up and down, as we thought, and ventured to ask a question, her hand would go out, and her voice said, "No, children, you must not disturb me. Mother will answer after the mail leaves."

We knew it was final and crept away, longing for letter time to stop and we could be with her again. We never ventured into father's study, I guess. This was a frequent memory, as letters were faithfully and lovingly written through those eleven years by both father and mother, and after that, as faithfully sent by the one left, to the mother, and as loyally and affectionately replied to by grandmother.

Two ladies who accompanied their husbands in their trips back and forth in the tea trade, formed warm friendships 'with both of our parents. They were Mrs. Boyd of England, and Mrs. Syme of Scotland, London and Edinburgh. Mrs. Boyd was perhaps the more intimate, and came to mother, and she to her, whenever a friend was needed, as in birth of babies, and in Mrs. Boyd's case, in the death of hers¡ªnone ever living¡ªand mother would go to her to give comfort and assistance.

In one of the trips away from Amoy, Mr. and Mrs. Syme visited America, and came to our grandparents' home, bringing much joy in being able to tell many details of mother's life and of her children; and when they returned again to Amoy, brought latest words of many friends, and things and changes, which had been pointed out to them "to tell Eleanor about".

When I was between five and six years old, Mrs. Boyd invited me to spend every Friday with her, she sending her beautiful boat, much like a gondola, for me and returning me home again. I had lovely visits with her, and she did things to interest and entertain a little child, evidently giving up her time to me when there.
There were three English missionaries and their families in our midst. I wish I understood what their work was as related to father and other Americans. Evidently they worked in a friendly way, and were warm friends as it seemed to a little child. They were under an English mission and direction, and had other work, though I remember their men and father often in earnest conversation together, in one home or the other.

We children more often went to the home of father's associates where there were children¡ªto Mr. Talmadge's, who went out for the first time on the same ship with them. I remember there were happy times among us as we spent "days" together, going home late afternoons. We went to Kolongsu together or to the beach and romped, while the parents visited more quietly, though, Mr. Talmadge and father both had a love of fun, and humor, and all had cheery conversation.

[The First XICF--"Xiamen International Christian Fellowship"]  There was a foreign church, or room, fitted out for services, and all ministers took turns in filling the pulpit. We regularly attended there, except those otherwise engaged in services with the Chinese. Our young tea merchants were often there, and I have a picture one of them drew of me asleep, and sent to me, which caused deep mortification. I tried to hide from him, when he called shortly after, and proceeded to make me feel what a dreadful thing I had done, while the smile on mother's face, in conjunction with his words, stays m memory yet!

One year I accompanied father through the streets of the city, as he made New Year's calls on acquaintances among the Chinese¡ªon their Day, not ours. We went into one gentleman's house in which were beautiful carved stools and chairs and woodwork in partitions, and very delicate painting in panels. We were most cordially received. The manner of shaking one's own hands stands out before me. Of the purport of conversation, of course, I know nothing, but was busy looking at the carvings and panels and figured white mattings; but when dainty plates of candles and cakes were passed, I had eyes for them! We went to a store, where were piles of beautiful, colored silks and embroideries, and father and the merchants chatted together with laughter at times, then passing of more cakes and candies.

In going in the streets, we came to a long flight of stone steps¡ªa part of the street, though not leading up to a temple as we often see in pictures of Oriental countries. We trudged up these to the British Consulate. Interesting conversation passed between the Consul and father, but I did not receive any attention here, I remember; and that has always stayed with me!

The Sedan was the only mode of ordinary travel at that early day, other than walking, in the parts that I knew anything about¡ªpictures of other portions of the Empire showed other modes, I know.

Rather took me in one to the Chinese church¡ªmy only trip ever taken in a sedan, as also my only time in a native Christian church, and with father as the preacher.
The men sat on one side and women on the other; and they sang some of our familiar hymns, to words in their own tongue. It did not seem pleasant, to the child who was used to sweet tones, but, without doubt filled its purpose. The church was dark and dingy and smelly! But plans for a pleasant house were under way, even then, and we attended the dedication of it, as a house of God and Worship.

As we grew older, Charley and I began to understand why our parents were in this land and what they were constantly busy about, differently from the comprehension of our younger days.
Continue to Part 5

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Boot Family of the Amoy Mission,South Fujian ChinaBoot Family
Ruth Broekema Amoy Mission 1921 1951Broekema, Ruth
Henry and Sarah Beltman, Amoy Mission  1902-1928?Bruce, Elizabeth
William Burns, Scottish Missionary to China, visited Amoy Burns, Wm.
John Caldwell China Coast Family Caldwells
Henry and Kate Depree Amoy Mission  1907 to 1948DePree
Dr. John Otte and Hope Hospital Develder, Wally
   Dr. John Otte and Hope Hospital Wally's Memoirs!
Douglas CarstairsDouglas, Carstairs
Elihu Doty RCA Missionary to Amoy ChinaDoty, Elihu
Rev William Rankin Duryea, D.D. The Amoy Mission 1877Duryea, Wm. Rankin
Joseph and Marion Esther
Esther,Joe & Marion
Katherine Green Amoy Mission  1907 to 1950Green, Katherine
Stella Girard Veenschoten
Hills,Jack & Joann
. Stella Girard Veenschoten
Hill's Photos.80+
..Stella Girard VeenschotenKeith H.
Dr. John Otte and Hope Hospital Homeschool
Richard and Johanna Hofstra of the Amoy MIssion ChinaHofstras
Tena Holkeboer Amoy Mission, Hope HospitalHolkeboer, Tena
Dr. Clarence Holleman and his wife Ruth Eleanor Vanden Berg Holleman were RCA missionaries on AmoyHolleman, M.D.
Hope Hospital Amoy  on Gulangyu (Kulangsu, Koolongsoo, etc.)Hope Hospital
Stella Girard Veenschoten
Johnston Bio
Rev. and Mrs. Joralman of the Amoy MissionJoralmans
Wendell and Renske Karsen
Karsen, W&R
Edwin and Elizabeth Koeppe Family, Amoy Mission ChinaKoeppes, Edwin&Eliz.
Dr. Clarence Holleman and his wife Ruth Eleanor Vanden Berg Holleman were RCA missionaries on AmoyKip, Leonard W.
William Vander Meer  Talmage College Fukien Christian UniversityMeer Wm. Vander
Margaret Morrison, Amoy Mission  1892-1931Morrison, Margaret
John Muilenberg Amoy MissionMuilenbergs
Jean Neinhuis, Amoy Mission Hope Hospital Gulangyu or Ku-long-sooNeinhuis, Jean
Theodore Oltman M.D. Amoy Missionary DoctorOltman, M.D.
Reverend Alvin Ostrum, of the Amoy Mission, Fujian ChinaOstrum, Alvin
Dr. John Otte and Hope Hospital Otte,M.D.Stella Girard VeenschotenLast Days
Henry and Mary Voskuil Amoy MissionPlatz, Jessie
Reverend W. J. Pohlman, Amoy MIssion, Fujian ChinaPohlman, W. J.
Henry and Dorothy Poppen, RCA Missionaries to Amoy China Amoy Mission Project 1841-1951Poppen, H.& D.
Reverend Daniel Rapalje, Amoy Mission, Fujian ChinaRapalje, Daniel
Herman and Bessie Renskers Amoy Mission  1910-1933Renskers
Dr. John Otte and Hope Hospital Talmage, J.V.N.

Lyman and Rose Talman Amoy Mission  1916 to 1931Talman, Dr.
Stella Girard VeenschotenVeenschotens
. Nelson VeenschotenHenry V.Stella Girard VeenschotenStella V.
. Dr. John Otte and Hope Hospital Girard V.
Jeanette Veldman, Amoy Mission ChinaVeldman, J.
Henry and Mary Voskuil Amoy MissionVoskuil, H & M
Jean Walvoord Amoy Mission  1931-1951Walvoord
A. Livingston WarnshuisWarnshuis, A.L.
Nellie Zwemer Amoy Mission  1891-1930Zwemer, Nellie
"The MIssion Cemetery of Fuh-Chau" / Foochow by Rev.J.W. Wiley , M.D. (also mispelled Wylie )Fuh-chau Cemetery
Dr. John Otte and Hope Hospital City of Springs
   (Quanzhou, 1902!!)
Xiamen Churches Protestant Catholic Seventh Day Adventist Amoy Mission Missionaries Abeel
XM Churches
Xiamen Churches Protestant Catholic Seventh Day Adventist Amoy Mission Missionaries AbeelChurch History Xiamen International Christian Fellowship Expat Nondenominational interdenominational
Opium wars in Xiamen, Fujian China.  Opium Wars
Amoy Mission Bibliography A.M. Bibliography
Xiamen YMCA and YWCAYMCA Volunteer!
Xiamen International Christian FellowshipXICF FellowshipIslamic Muslim Mosques Ashab Quanzhou Damascus Fuzhou Xiamen
Xiamen and Fujian Buddhist Taoist Confucian Temples Mazu Manichean Hindu IslamicTemplesXiamen and Fujian Temples and Mosques  Buddhism Confucian Taoism Taoist Buddhism Mazu Matsu Meizhou IslandXiamen and Fujian  Mosques Islamic Muslim Ashab Mosque Quanzhou Fuzhou  Mohammed Disciples DamascusMosques
Xiamen and Fujian Buddhist Taoist Confucian Temples Mazu Manichean Hindu IslamicChrist in Chinese 
       Artists' Eyes


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EDUCATION
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RECREATION
Hakka Earthen architecture Massage!
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Xiamen Parks, recreation, hiking boardwalk etcParks Xiamen Museum Library Science Center etcPets
Bird watching in Xiamen Amoy  SwinhoeBirdwatching
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Chinese festivals and culture minnanFestival&Culture
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BUSINESS
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CIFIT (Trade Fair)
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